Role of sodium hexametaphosphate in ultra-fine grinding of alumina-doped titanium dioxide

In wet stirred milling of Al-doped TiO2, sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is used as a small molecule dispersant to improve performance. both acidic and basic conditions, SHMP interacts strongly with TiO2 remains stable during milling. Considering the apparent true particle breakage performance, at pH 10.3, optimal dosing concentration was 0.16 wt% (0.33?, sub-monolayer coverage), which consistent for dilute (5 vol%) concentrated (? 19.1 suspensions. At higher (0.77?), increased solution conductivity compromised performance by weakly destabilizing particles. dose 0.33? SHMP, dispersion maintained through electrostatic steric forces contribute moderating changes in suspension viscosity (~10% increase) size reduced.